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Objective To explore the clinical significence of three alternative ways in assessing bronchodilator reversibility in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods 18 clinically stable patients with severe COPD were collected. Pulmonary ventilation function and capacity of lung were measured after inhaling compound ipratropium bromide solution before and after nebulised saline, and at intervals. Expiratory flow limitation (EFL) was detected by negative expiratory pressure technique concurrently. Results Compared with placebo,bronchodilator caused a significant increase in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)%Pred,forced vital capacity (FVC)%Pred and inspiratory capacity (IC)%Pred and a significant decrease in residual volume (RV)%Pred, functional residual capacity (FRC)% Pred and Borg scale. But there were no changes in total lung capacity (TLC)% Pred, 5-point EFL score and breathing pattern variables. The increase of IC was correlated with the reduction of Borg scale, but such correlation did not exist between the increase of FEV1 and the reduction of Borg scale. When ROC curve was applied to assess the significance of IC, 5-point EFL score and FEV1 in evaluating the effects of broncholilator,the area under curve (AUC) of which was 0. 868,0. 681 and 0. 557 respectively.Conclusions Compared with FEV1, IC has higher sensitivity and reliability to evaluate the clinical response of bronchodilator in patients with severe COPD. The 5-point EFL score is not an appropriate measurement of acute bronchodilator response.
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Aim To assess the effect and mechanism of N acetylcysteine (NAC, antioxidant) on nuclear factor ?B (NF ?B) in lung tissue and bronhial alveolar lavage fluid(BALF) of rats undergoing acute and chronic smoking. Methods All Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups: control group, smoking group and intervention group. The latter two groups were applied to observing NF ?B expression during different periods (1, 2, 7, 14, 60d). Western Blot assay was used to analyze the activation of NF ?B. Results The first and second day the expression of NF ?B in lung tissue ( 36.9 ? 8.1 and 36.9 ? 8.0 )and in BALF( 24.0 ? 6.1 and 21.2 ? 5.8 ) rose significantly comparing with that in the control groups ( 7.3 ? 2.8 and 5.7 ? 2.6 )respectively (P
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Objective To study the anti-viral effects of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule against influenza A virus in vitro.Methods Under different administration modes,the inhibitory effect of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule on human influenza A virus(H3N2)in vitro and its time-effect relationship were assayed by crystal violet staining assay with ribavirin as positive reference drug.Results Lianhua Qingwen Capsule showed a multi-access effect on anti-human influenza A virus,such as comprehensive inhibition effect,prevention effect on virus adsorption,inhibition on virus proliferation after adsorption and direct killing the virus effect,and the median effective concentrations(EC50)in above-mentioned effects were 0.042,0.031,0.051 and 0.050 mg/mL respectively.Among them,the prevention effect on virus adsorption was the strongest.With the expanding actuation duration of the drug,the inhibitory effect of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule against influenza A virus weakened at low concentration,but no change at high concentration(≥0.031 g/mL).Meanwhile,Lianhua Qingwen Capsule can remarkably decrease the infectivity of influenza A virus.Conclusion Lianhua Qingwen Capsule has an obvious effect against human influenza A virus in vitro.
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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of guaifenesin,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride- codeine phosphate oral solution in relieving cough,eliminating phlegm,relieving nasal stuffiness and other cold symptoms. METHODS:A total of 240 patients with cold symptoms(120 cases in trial group and another 120 cases in control group) were enrolled in our multicenter,randomized,double-blinded and parallel controlled study and treated with guaifenesin-pseudoephedrine hydrochloride-codeine phosphate oral solutionI or compound codeine phosphate liquor 10mL tid for(5?2)d.RESULTS:227(112 in trial group and 115 in control group) were the valid cases with completed trial.Compared with pre-treatment,both of the 2 groups had a significant improvement in symptoms including cough,expectoration and nasal stuffiness after treatment(P